It came originally from the Tamil word nartei, meaning citrus. The Afrikaans name naartjie is also used in South African English. One of the English names for the fruit, satsuma, is derived from the former Satsuma Province in Japan, from which these fruits were first exported to the West. An alternative Chinese name, wúhé jú ( simplified Chinese: 无核橘 traditional Chinese: 無核橘), means "seedless mandarin". In both languages, the name means "honey citrus of Wenzhou" (a city in Zhejiang province, China). The unshiu is known as wēnzhōu mìgān ( simplified Chinese: 温州蜜柑 traditional Chinese: 溫州蜜柑) in China, and mikan in Japan (or formally unshū mikan ( 温州蜜柑), the Japanese reading of the characters used in Chinese). Various cultivars have been developed based on the Citrus unshiu, and in Japan, three cultivars, namely miyagawa wase, okitsu wase, and aoshima unshu, account for nearly half of the production volume of Citrus unshiu. Genetic studies conducted in the 2010s suggest that the maternal species of Citrus unshiu is kishu ( Citrus kinokuni) and the paternal species is kunenbo ( Citrus nobilis Lour. It is said to have originated in either Japan or China, and because of its name, it is often described as originating in China. Before the name unshu mikan was established in Japan, it was called nakajima mikain or nagashima mikan after the place name of Nishi-Nakajima in Amakusa District of the Higo Province (later Nagashima, Kagoshima), where the species was thought to have developed by mutation. Ĭitrus unshiu was named after Unshu (Wenzhou), a famous production area of mandarin oranges in China, in the late Edo period of Japan. It was introduced to the West from the Satsuma region of Japan in 1878. Citrus unshiu became popular in Japan after modernization started in the Meiji period. During the Edo period of Japan, kishu mikan was the most popular because there was a popular superstition that eating Citrus unshiu (Satsuma) without seeds made people more prone to infertility. Tips: This sweet, creamy pear is nicknamed the “sugar pear.” Seckels tend to be smaller than most pear varieties.Ĭara Cara oranges: San Joaquin Valley, $1.29 to $1.Citrus unshiu is a semi-seedless and easy-peeling citrus species, also known as miyagawa mandarin, unshu mikan, cold hardy mandarin, satsuma mandarin, satsuma orange, naartjie, and tangerine. Seckel pears: Lake County and Oregon, $1.29 to $1.49 per pound Read more of Michael Marks’ Produce Picks at IN THE BINS Expect the sugar and flavor to get even better with the first frost. Satsuma mandarins should be selling in local markets for 99 cents to $1.49 per pound.
They’re seedless and easy to peel, and the sweet, rich segments are easy to separate. The fruit is so tender, it almost melts in your mouth. Satsuma is the name of a former province, now Kagoshima Prefecture, on the southern tip of Japan’s Kyushu Island, where the fruit, we believe, originated. Today, about 80 percent of the Mandarin acreage in Japan is the Satsuma. Fortunately, that has changed, because Satsumas are the best mandarin oranges in every way. A few California growers were raising the glorious Satsuma mandarin, but the vast majority of that fruit was exported to Pacific Rim countries and Japanese markets. They were so difficult to peel and just loaded with seeds.
Forty years ago, if you bought a mandarin orange at the market, chances were high it was a Fairchild tangerine. I don’t know why they were even popular.
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